Mazmur 132:2

132:2 and how he made a vow to the Lord,

and swore an oath to the powerful ruler of Jacob. ¹ 

Mazmur 132:5

132:5 until I find a place for the Lord,

a fine dwelling place ²  for the powerful ruler of Jacob.” ³ 

Yesaya 1:24

1:24 Therefore, the sovereign Lord who commands armies, ⁴ 

the powerful ruler of Israel, ⁵  says this:

“Ah, I will seek vengeance ⁶  against my adversaries,

I will take revenge against my enemies. ⁷ 

Yesaya 10:34

10:34 The thickets of the forest will be chopped down with an ax,

and mighty Lebanon will fall. ⁸ 

Yesaya 49:26

49:26 I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh;

they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine. ⁹ 

Then all humankind ¹⁰  will recognize that

I am the Lord, your deliverer,

your protector, ¹¹  the powerful ruler of Jacob.” ¹² 

Yesaya 60:16

60:16 You will drink the milk of nations;

you will nurse at the breasts of kings. ¹³ 

Then you will recognize that I, the Lord, am your deliverer,

your protector, ¹⁴  the powerful ruler of Jacob. ¹⁵ 

[132:2]  ¹ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Jacob.”

[132:5]  ² tn The plural form of the noun may indicate degree or quality; David envisions a special dwelling place (see Pss 43:3; 46:4; 84:1).

[132:5]  ³ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Jacob.”

[1:24]  ⁴ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at v. 9.

[1:24]  ⁵ tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Israel.”

[1:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “console myself” (i.e., by getting revenge); NRSV “pour out my wrath on.”

[1:24]  ⁷ sn The Lord here identifies with the oppressed and comes as their defender and vindicator.

[10:34]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew text has, “and Lebanon, by/as [?] a mighty one, will fall.” The translation above takes the preposition בְּ (bet) prefixed to “mighty one” as indicating identity, “Lebanon, as a mighty one, will fall.” In this case “mighty one” describes Lebanon. (In Ezek 17:23 and Zech 11:2 the adjective is used of Lebanon’s cedars.) Another option is to take the preposition as indicating agency and interpret “mighty one” as a divine title (see Isa 33:21). One could then translate, “and Lebanon will fall by [the agency of] the Mighty One.”

[49:26]  ⁹ sn Verse 26a depicts siege warfare and bloody defeat. The besieged enemy will be so starved they will their own flesh. The bloodstained bodies lying on the blood-soaked battle site will look as if they collapsed in drunkenness.

[49:26]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “flesh” (so KJV, NASB).

[49:26]  ¹¹ tn Heb “your redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.

[49:26]  ¹² tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Jacob.” See 1:24.

[60:16]  ¹³ sn The nations and kings are depicted as a mother nursing her children. Restored Zion will be nourished by them as she receives their wealth as tribute.

[60:16]  ¹⁴ tn Or “redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.

[60:16]  ¹⁵ sn See 1:24 and 49:26.